A full column resin bolt unit consists simply of a two-part polyester resin-catalyst capsule and a steel bar with a plate and nut. The installation of the unit is carried out as follows. Step 1 Drill hole to correct diameter and length for bolt being used. Over-drilling will waste resin […]

Mechanically anchored rockbolts or expansion shell anchors can immediately take effect once installed and are a simple means of rock reinforcement. The application of torque to the head of the bolt pre-tensions the bolt against the borehole. The shell has various designations to suit in situ conditions. Expansion shell anchors could be […]

The mechanical strength properties of resin and grouts include determination of various properties similar to testing of rock and concrete. Based on suggested methods by various standards (British standard- BS 7861: Part 1: (1996), American Standards (ASTM- C579) (1991), (ASTM – D7012-13), South African Standard (SANS1534) (2004), and ISRM (International […]

Tendon supports are installed in rock by grouting. Grouting can be carried out by chemical resin and or cementitious composite material. Resin Grouts In Australia polymer resin grout capsules (see opposite) are mainly used for solid rebar installtion in rocks; however, they are also used for cable bolt installation depending […]

Windsor (1997) introduced the bolt load transfer concept that has four principal elements as shown in Figure 17: rock, the internal fixture, the external fixture and the reinforcing element.  The reinforcing element and external fixture refer to the bolt, the face plate and the threaded nut, respectively. Coupling between the […]